June 2025

  • On June 4, 1989, a violent and deeply consequential event unfolded in the heart of Beijing, China. What began as a peaceful protest calling for democratic reform and greater freedoms ended in a brutal crackdown that claimed the lives of hundreds, perhaps thousands. The tragedy of Tiananmen Square remains one of the most defining moments

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  • Paul Touvier was a French Nazi collaborator during World War II, known for his involvement in war crimes and crimes against humanity. His actions during the war and subsequent legal proceedings have marked him as one of the most notorious figures associated with the Vichy regime’s collaboration with Nazi Germany. He was born on April

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  • Before sharing the story of Frits Philips, I’d like to first touch on his family’s background The patriarch of the Philips family is Philip Philips, a Jewish merchant from North Rhine-Westphalia who came to the Netherlands. Little is known about him. He was married to Rebecca van Crefelt. Lion Philips (Zaltbommel, October 29, 1794 –

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  • The Farhud, which translates to “violent dispossession,” was a violent pogrom against the Jewish population of Baghdad, Iraq, that occurred on June 1-2, 1941. This tragic event is considered one of the most significant anti-Jewish riots in the Middle East prior to the establishment of the State of Israel. The Farhud took place during World

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