Holocaust
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The Foundation for Individual Insurance Claims Sjoa (Stichting Individuele Verzekeringsaanspraken Sjoa) pays out life insurance policies of individuals who were persecuted as Jews during the Second World War in the Netherlands to their rightful beneficiaries. They have a list of approximately 2,500 individuals with life insurance policies that were likely not paid out to the…
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The concept of concentration camps did not originate with the Nazis. In fact, the British created the first concentration camps during the Boer War (1899–1902). These camps were used to detain Boers and black Africans, preventing them from aiding Boer guerrillas. Tragically, over 27,000 Boers and 14,000 Africans, many of them children died in the…
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I recently finished am reading Animation under the Swastika: A History of Trickfilm in Nazi Germany, 1933–1945. This compelling book delves into the history of how Hitler and Joseph Goebbels sought to rival Hollywood, particularly the works of Walt Disney. It provides a fascinating and often chilling account of how animation was weaponized as a…
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Anti-Semitic propaganda during the Third Reich was a central tool used by the Nazi regime to spread its ideology and justify the persecution and extermination of Jews. This propaganda aimed to dehumanize Jewish people, portray them as a threat to German society and blame them for Germany’s political, social, and economic problems. Here is a…
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My mother was born on December 10, 1935, and passed away on January 26, 1996, at the age of 60. It felt far too young, but I took solace in the fact that she lived a full life, witnessing all her children grow up and settle into their lives. Sigmund Cohen, born on the same…
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The surname Klein has always intrigued me, likely because it’s my name. At some point, one of my ancestors altered it from Klein to de Klein for reasons that remain unknown to me. While Klein is traditionally a Jewish surname, it is also carried by others, such as Dr. Fritz Klein. When you search for…
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(For Gretha Frank, born in Amsterdam on December 4, 1939– murdered at Sobibor on July 16, 1943) Born beneath the Dutch grey skies,A baby’s laugh, a child’s bright eyes.Winter’s chill could not confine,The warmth of life, a spark divine. Amsterdam streets cradled her feet,A city’s hum, her heartbeat’s beat.Innocence spun in golden threads,Dreams that danced…
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The phrase “Never Again”—so often spoken with solemnity—has, over time, become a hollow echo. Words intended to signify a resolve now risk serving as a mere salve for our conscience, a way to feel we’ve done our part simply by uttering them. But the harsh truth is this: “Never Again” never happened Since 1945, Jewish…
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Anton Mussert (1894–1946) was a central figure in the history of Dutch collaboration during World War II. As the founder and leader of the Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging (NSB), or National Socialist Movement, Mussert became one of the most notorious symbols of Dutch cooperation with Nazi Germany. His leadership of the NSB and his role in facilitating…
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In January 2017, Polish historians unveiled what they claim to be the most comprehensive roster of Nazi SS commanders and guards at Auschwitz, aiming to ensure that any surviving perpetrators might still face justice. This monumental effort, spearheaded by the state-run Institute of National Remembrance, is titled the SS KL Auschwitz Garrison List. It draws…
History of Sorts 