World War 2
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Paragraph 175 was a provision of the German Criminal Code that criminalized male homosexual acts. Introduced in 1871 and remaining in some form until 1994, this law had a profound impact on the lives of LGBT individuals in Germany. It led to widespread persecution, particularly under the Nazi regime, and its effects persisted through much
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On February 19, 1942, Winnipeg, the capital city of Manitoba, Canada, was “invaded” by Nazi troops. By 5:30 a.m., Nazi broadcasts were being transmitted from a local radio station that had been seized. At 7:00 a.m., air raid sirens sounded, and a citywide blackout was ordered. By 9:30 a.m., the defenders of Winnipeg had “surrendered”
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While Jewish identity was traditionally defined by religious beliefs and cultural heritage, the Nazi regime considered Jewishness a racial characteristic, making conversion to Christianity irrelevant in terms of escaping persecution. Many Jews sought refuge in Catholicism, hoping that baptism would provide protection from Nazi oppression. However, in most cases, conversion did not shield them from
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In a time when true heroes are rare, it’s important to remember those who made a difference through selfless actions rather than self-promotion. Ross F. Gray and William Gary Walsh: Heroes of World War II During World War II, countless soldiers displayed extraordinary bravery in combat. Among them, Ross F. Gray and William Gary Walsh
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Of all the incredible stories to emerge from World War II, this is one of my favorites—a tale of defiance, resilience, and an unmistakable “up yours” to tyranny. While the service itself undoubtedly maintained its deep religious significance, I can’t help but imagine a few knowing smiles afterward. The photograph above captures a Jewish service
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Without intending to boast too much about my fellow Dutch people, it is widely known that the Dutch are inventive and creative. These qualities were especially evident during World War II, particularly in the final months of the war. As a result of the failed Operation Market Garden, the northern provinces endured a brutal winter
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The Holocaust remains the darkest chapter in human history, marked by unimaginable atrocities and suffering. While much attention was given to the physical brutality inflicted upon millions of Jews and other targeted groups, the psychological terror experienced during this period was equally devastating. The Nazi regime systematically employed psychological warfare to break the spirits of
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Johnny & Jones refers to the Amsterdam-based jazz duo consisting of Nol (Arnold Siméon) van Wesel (Johnny) (August 3, 1918 – April 15, 1945) and Max (Salomon Meyer) Kannewasser (Jones) (September 24, 1916 – March 20, 1945). Van Wesel and Kannewasser first met while working at the De Bijenkorf department store. In 1934, they were
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It is a sensitive and often overlooked subject. I’m not certain whether suicides were completely included in the Holocaust statistics. In this blog, I focus specifically on the situation in the Netherlands, but I believe this was likely the case in all occupied territories—and possibly beyond. Suicide emerged as a tragic yet significant response to
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When we think of stealth bombers, our minds often jump to more recent aircraft, such as the F-117 Nighthawk (introduced in 1981) or the B-2 Spirit (introduced in 1989). However, the concept of stealth bombers dates back much earlier, to 1942, when the Horten brothers designed the first stealth aircraft The Horten Ho 229: The
History of Sorts 